Steven Pinker’s The Sense of Style is an evidence-based guide to writing that integrates cognitive science, linguistics, and Pinker’s experience. Intended for both experienced and aspiring writers, the book offers an analysis of how to achieve writing clarity and elegance without sacrificing accuracy.

Key takeaways

1. Classic style as a model for clarity. “Classic style” advocates for a conversational tone where writers “show” rather than “tell,” enabling readers to grasp complex ideas intuitively.
2. Overcoming the curse of knowledge. Writers must account for the “curse of knowledge” by actively making their language accessible, which is essential in academic settings where jargon can hinder communication.
3. Flexible adherence to rules. Pinker encourages adherence to language rules when they enhance clarity but also stresses flexibility. This evidence-based balance helps writers avoid overly rigid or unnecessarily complex structures.
4. Metaphor as a cognitive tool. Metaphors shape understanding by making abstract ideas concrete, allowing complex topics to be introduced in ways that resonate with a broader audience.
5. Evidence-based approach to style. Drawing on linguistics and psychology, Pinker demonstrates that style guides can be rooted in cognitive science rather than tradition alone, making his advice both practical and intellectually rigorous.

Practical implications for academics

1. Adopt a “classic style” mindset in academic writing. Academics can enhance readability by framing their work as a dialogue with readers, focusing on presenting ideas in a conversational but precise manner.
2. Revise for accessibility. Scholars should account for diverse audiences, especially when discussing specialised topics. Revising with the “curse of knowledge” in mind can improve accessibility for interdisciplinary readers.
3. Balance rigor with readability. While technical accuracy is critical, academic writers can benefit from a flexible approach to grammar and syntax, using these tools to enhance clarity without clutter.
4. Use metaphor to simplify complex ideas. Academics explaining theoretical frameworks or empirical results can use metaphor to make their writing more relatable, facilitating better comprehension.
5. Evidence-based writing practice. Academics should consider data-driven style tips, using cognitive insights to refine their approach to writing and creating prose that resonates deeply with readers in their field and beyond.

The Sense of Style provides an impactful, research-backed approach to writing that offers academics a route to clearer, more engaging, and higher-impact writing. The focus on clarity, accessibility, and the psychological processes behind effective communication makes this a valuable resource for scholars aiming to reach broader and more varied audiences.

Pinker, S. (2015). The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person’s Guide to Writing in the 21st Century. Penguin Books.